A Florist's Guide to Daffodils
Daffodils (Narcissus) are among the most beloved spring flowers, heralding the end of winter with their cheerful blooms. As a florist, understanding these resilient and versatile flowers will help you create stunning arrangements and better serve customers seeking that quintessential spring aesthetic.
Botanical Overview
Daffodils belong to the genus Narcissus in the Amaryllidaceae family. While "daffodil" typically refers to large-flowered varieties, the genus includes thousands of cultivars ranging from miniature varieties to large trumpet forms. The flowers consist of a central corona (cup or trumpet) surrounded by six petals (technically tepals).
Seasonal Availability
Peak Season: Late winter through mid-spring (February-April in most regions)
Growing Zones: Hardy in zones 3-9, making them available across most temperate climates
Field vs. Forced: Early season daffodils are often greenhouse-forced, while later availability comes from field-grown flowers.
Popular Varieties for Florists
Large-Cupped Daffodils: The classic yellow daffodil with a prominent central cup. Varieties like 'Carlton' and 'Ice Follies' are workhorses.
Trumpet Daffodils: Feature a corona as long as or longer than the petals. 'King Alfred' types are iconic.
Double Daffodils: Ruffled, multi-layered blooms like 'Cheerfulness' and 'White Lion' add texture and romance.
Jonquils: Smaller flowers with multiple blooms per stem and intense fragrance. 'Trevithian' is popular.
Paperwhites: Narcissus papyraceus, with clustered white blooms and strong fragrance, often used in forcing and holiday arrangements.
Miniature Varieties: 'Tête-à-Tête' and 'Minnow' work beautifully in compact designs and mixed spring arrangements.
Selecting Quality Stems
Look for stems with buds showing color but not fully open—they'll continue opening in arrangements. Check for:
Firm, straight stems without bruising
Buds in the "goose neck" or "pencil" stage for longest vase life
Fresh-cut ends without slime or discoloration
Foliage that's green and upright, not yellowing
Handling and Care
The Slime Factor: Daffodil stems release a sap containing calcium oxalate crystals that can shorten the life of other flowers. Always condition daffodils separately for 4-24 hours before mixing with other blooms.
Conditioning Process:
Recut stems at an angle under water
Remove any foliage that will sit below the waterline
Place in clean, cool water (no flower food initially)
Allow to condition for several hours before arranging
Do not recut stems after the initial conditioning period
Storage: Keep at 34-38°F (1-3°C). Properly conditioned daffodils can last up to a week in storage.
Design Considerations
Vase Life: 5-7 days in arrangements, sometimes longer with proper care
Movement: Daffodil stems have natural curves and character—embrace this rather than forcing them straight. They add wonderful movement to designs.
Height Variation: Use the natural height differences in a bunch to create depth in arrangements.
Foliage: The strap-like leaves can be incorporated into designs for structure or removed for a cleaner look.
Style Pairings: Daffodils work beautifully in:
Mono-botanical spring arrangements
Mixed spring gardens with tulips, hyacinths, and grape hyacinths (after proper conditioning)
Casual country-style designs
Modern minimalist presentations
Potted bulb displays
Color Palettes
Beyond classic yellow, daffodils offer diverse color options:
White and Cream: Elegant and sophisticated
Yellow and Gold: Traditional and cheerful
Bicolors: White petals with yellow, orange, or pink cups
Orange and Apricot: Warm tones like 'Jetfire' and 'Fortissimo'
Pink-Cupped: Romantic varieties like 'Pink Charm' and 'Rosy Trumpet'
Customer Education
Toxicity: All parts of daffodils are toxic if ingested. Advise customers with pets or small children to keep arrangements out of reach.
Fragrance: Some varieties have strong fragrances that may be overwhelming in small spaces. Ask customers about scent preferences.
Longevity Tips: Provide care cards reminding customers to keep water fresh, avoid direct sunlight and heat, and never recut conditioned stems.
Sustainability Notes
Daffodils are generally low-maintenance crops requiring minimal pesticides. Seek local growers when possible to reduce transportation impacts and ensure fresher product. Many daffodils naturalize and return year after year, making them an environmentally friendly crop.
Pricing and Profitability
Daffodils are typically mid-range in price, more expensive than carnations but less than premium roses. Their strong seasonal demand and relatively short availability window allow for good margins. Consider:
Offering pre-made spring arrangements at various price points
Creating "spring has sprung" promotions
Bundling daffodils with other spring bulbs for mixed bouquets
Ellermann Flower Boutique guide
Daffodils embody the joy and renewal of spring. Their sunny disposition, varied forms, and reliable performance make them invaluable in any florist's spring repertoire. With proper handling and creative vision, these cheerful blooms can elevate your spring offerings and delight customers season after season.
